Optimization of BIPV based on electrical energy generated and return of investment

Abstract

The non-renewable resources used in generating electrical energy have decreased. The National Energy Council reported that Indonesia has huge potential renewable energy resources with the highest from solar energy but only 5% is utilized. This is indicated by the very small number of building owners willing to install the technology related to renewable energy in the country due to the high initial cost of installation. Moreover, existing buildings have other boundaries such as the limitation caused by the structure and potentially available integrated area. This study, therefore, proposed a BIPV model in an existing building to contribute to the maximum use of renewable energy in a relatively limited potentialavailable integrated area. This involved the application of the experimental method to several models using the amount of electrical energy generated and ROI as the optimization parameters. The ROI was used to provide a more comprehensive review showing the period as the most critical determinant of investment to a building owner. The results showed the installation of PV on an opaque wall in the west orientation is the optimum configuration based on its ability to generate 777741 kWh/year of electrical energy which exceeds the existing consumption volume. Meanwhile, the ROI was 4.36 years and this is relatively short compared to the 25 years of PV life guaranteed. It is important to note that the optimization of this model was supported by the largest number of integrated areas and the high annual radiation it received. This significant contribution of this study is that the electrical energy and ROI should be fully considered by building owners in applying PV