Perilaku ODHA Pengguna Jarum Suntik dan Ibu Rumah Tangga dalam Pencegahan Transmisi HIV/AIDS

Abstract

Efforts to address the spread of HIV/AIDS is joint effort of the government, community and people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). People living with HIV/AIDS is expected to break the chain of transmission with the prevention behavior of HIV/AIDS. However, many PLWHAs can not alter their risky behavior and continues to transmit the HIV. Based on the risk factors, efforts to control HIV/AIDS are targeted at high risk groups (injected drug users, commercial sex workers, lesbian, gay,) and low risk groups (general population such as housewives, youth, workers). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevention behavior of HIV transmission by PLWHA and to compare the behavior between Injected Drug Users and housewife PLWHA. This research is descriptive qualitative research with case study on two PLWHA in Medan. The method is interview and participatory observation. The results are both PLWHA have been able to receive their status, joining peer support group and have done behavioral prevention effort like routine antiretroviral (ARV) consumption, care of wound properly, avoid risky behavior and invite prospective partner for voluntary counselling and testing. The conclusion is PLWHA from high risk groups find it difficult to change their behavior using drugs due to addiction factors. PLWHA from low-risk groups, can apply prevention behavior of transmission well and become partners to improve the quality of other PLWHA. Feedback for health workers in controlling HIV/AIDS transmission is to apply universal precaution in dealing with patients to avoid infectious diseases.